The Basic Principle
Gold panning works because gold is heavy — about 19 times denser than water. By swirling material in water and carefully washing away the lighter stuff, the gold sinks to the bottom and stays behind.
Operational Intel
Essential Gear
Gold Pan
14" plastic pan with deep riffles. Black or green provides maximum contrast.
Snuffer
Vacuum squeeze bottle for recovering fine gold flakes from black sand.
Diggers
A pointed trowel and a 'crevicing tool' for extracting material from deep bedrock.
Step-by-Step Protocol
Load the Pan
Fill your pan 3/4 with gravel. Target inside bends and bedrock cracks where velocity slows down.
Stratify
Submerge and shake vigorously side-to-side. This 'liquefies' the sand, allowing gold to sink to the floor.
Wash Rocks
Tilt the pan forward. Swirl gently to wash the top layer of large rocks away. Gold stays deep.
Work Riffles
Once only sand remains, use a controlled dip-and-lift motion to wash sand over the riffles.
Recover
When only black sand remains, add clean water and 'wash' it back to reveal the gold. Use the snuffer.
Pro Safety
High-Yield Targets
Gold accumulates where water velocity drops. Scan the river for these features:
Find Gold Today
Explore 19 legal fossicking areas on our live interactive map.
Best NZ Gear
Curated list of pans, miners moss, and high-bankers that actually work.
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